In recent years, it has been demonstrated to be widely involved in physiological and pathological processes such as cardiovascular homeostasis regulation, inflammation suppression, and hepatocyte metabolic regulation ( 2 S inhibits vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation by activating ATP-sensitive potassium channels, modulates myocardial ion channel function, and attenuates ischemia-reperfusion injury ( 2 S has been shown to reduce myocardial fibrosis and collagen deposition within atherosclerotic plaques by inhibiting the Transforming Growth Factor Beta 1 (TGF-1) signaling pathway, thereby delaying the process of vascular remodeling ( 2 S suppress the expression of pro-inflammatory factors such as Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNF-) and Tumor Necrosis Factor Beta (TNF-) by inhibiting the Nuclear Factor kappa-B (NF-B) pathway ( 2 S lies in its dual capability to counteract apoptosis and promote tissue repair ( 2 S donors still faces three major bottlenecks: poor chemical stability (e.g., the commonly used donor NaHS has an extremely short half-life), lack of tissue targeting, and uncontrollable release kinetics

One of its primary advantages is its ability to improve exercise performance by increasing energy production
and folic acid), increased oxidative stress and inflammation, as well as diseases such as hypertension, diabetes, and obesity [83,84,85]
Gluthatione metabolism